Ferroalloys for Steelmaking and Induction Furnace Melting

2026-10-29

Ferroalloys for Steelmaking and Induction Furnace Melting Ferroalloys and related alloying materials supply silicon, manganese and other elements during steelmaking. They also serve as deoxidizers. When preparing an induction furnace charge, their carbon, phosphorus, sulfur and gas contents must be considered alongside the required alloying elements. 1. Ferrosilicon The reduction reactions associated with ferrosilicon production include: SiO₂ + 2C → Si + 2CO Fe₂O₃ + 3C → 2Fe + 3CO Common ferrosilicon grades and their chemical compositions are listed in Table 4-23. Table 4-23. Ferrosilicon Grades and Chemical Composition — GB 2272-80 All values are percentages. Silicon is given as a range; other listed elements are maximum contents. Grade Si Mn Cr Al Ca P S Si90Al1.5 87.0–95.0 0.4 0.2 1.5 1.5 0.04 0.02 Si90Al3 87.0–95.0 0.4 0.2 3.0 1.5 0.04 0.02 Si75Al1 72.0–80.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.04 0.02 Si75Al1.5 72.0–80.0 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.0 0.04 0.02 Si75 72.0–80.0 0.5 0.5 — — 0.04 0.02 Si65 65.0 to <72.0 0.6 0.5 — — 0.04 0.02 Si45 40.0–47.0 0.7 0.5 — — 0.04 0.02 The aluminum– and calcium-bearing grades Si90Al1.5, Si90Al3, Si75Al1 and Si75Al1.5 are mainly used as deoxidizers. Si45 and Si65 can be used to introduce silicon into the...